瓦努阿图离岸银行 Banking offshore

Banking offshore: Bank license

离岸银行：银行执照

Vanuatu is one of the few countries in the world where it is possible to establish a privately owned financial institution or private offshore bank of course subject to the satisfactory completion of a due diligence process to ensure that the principals and all those involved have good bona fides and a sound business plan. It is not required to have bank license in some other reputable jurisdiction.

瓦努阿图是世界上少数几个可以建立私人金融机构或私人离岸银行的国家之一。当然，要完成一个尽职调查过程，以确保其负责人和所有参与其中的人都有良好的诚信和良好的商业计划。在其他的一些著名的司法管辖区，不需要银行执照。

Vanuatu government replaced the Vanuatu Banking Act by the International Banking Act in 2002. This new banking licenses act has enhanced the reputation of Vanuatu as a bona fide

Vanuatu government replaced the Vanuatu Banking Act by the International Banking Act in 2002. This new banking licenses act has enhanced the reputation of Vanuatu as a bona fide banking jurisdiction by strengthening the supervisory frame work to protect the interests of depositors, investors and ensure financial and monetary stability. This means that government no longer license shell offshore banks. Only serious and reputable bank applications, which set up local presence, are now welcome.

2002年，瓦政府通过国际银行法取代瓦努阿图银行法。通过加强监管框架，以保护储户、投资者的利益，确保金融和货币的稳定，这一新的银行业许可证法案增强了瓦努阿图作为一个真正的银行业管辖权的声誉。这意味着，政府不再授权离岸银行。现在，只有严肃而有信誉的银行申请才会受到欢迎。

Like in all offshore jurisdictions offshore bank licensee cannot carry on banking business locally, only outside of Vanuatu and no shell banks are possible this means that the bank must maintain a physical office and keep all the bank’s records in Vanuatu.

就像在所有离岸司法辖区一样，离岸银行被许可方不能在当地开展银行业务，只有在瓦努阿图和没有空壳银行的情况下，这意味着银行必需维持一个实体办公室，并将所有银行的记录保存在瓦努阿图。

The bank must maintain at all times paid up capital of not less than USD 500,000 or in such minimum proportions in relation to its assets, liabilities or risk exposures. This capital need not be maintained in Vanuatu. It can be maintained in a reputable bank or financial institution outside of Vanuatu, subject to the approval of the Reserve Bank and may be invested in approved financial instruments. Another advantage is that all Vanuatu Offshore Banks enjoy all the benefits of Vanuatu’s tax regime. Until recently, all offshore banking licenses were held through exempted companies. Applications for an Offshore Banking License can be lodged under an International Company and take advantage of all the benefits associated with an International company.

银行必须随时为其资产、负债或风险支付不低于500，000美元的资本金。这个资本不需要在瓦努阿图维持。它可以在瓦努阿图的一个信誉良好的银行或金融机构中进行维护，并经储备银行批准，并可投资于经批准的金融产品。另一个好处是，所有的瓦努阿图的离岸银行都享有瓦努阿图的税收制度带来的所有好处。直到最近，所有的离岸银行执照都要是通过豁免公司持有的。离岸银行执照的申请可以在一家国际公司中进行，并充分利用与国际公司相关的所有好处。

Changes to the International Companies Act which came into force on 11 August 2010 makes provisions to bring under the International Companies Act all the exempted companies existing under the Companies Act, of which offshore bank licensee were included.

2010年8月11日生效的国际公司法规定，根据公司法的规定，在国际公司法下的所有豁免公司都要有规定，其中包括离岸银行被许可方。

This amendment has enabled to bring, under one legislation, for registration, all companies that are formed exclusively for offshore operations.

根据一项立法，这一修正案使所有专门针对离岸业务的公司都可以注册。

This has streamlined compliance and the incorporation process. Applications for an Offshore Banking License can be lodged under an International Company and take advantage of all the benefits associated with an International company.

这简化了法规遵循和合并过程。离岸银行执照的申请可以在一家国际公司中进行，并充分利用与国际公司相关的所有好处。

The licensing and regulating of an Offshore Bank falls under the International Banking Act and regulated by the Reserve Bank of Vanuatu

一家离岸银行的许可和监管属于国际银行，并由瓦方银行的储备银行管理。

The guidelines for the issue of offshore bank licenses can be summarized as follows:

关于离岸银行执照问题的准则可以总结如下：

· Details of ownership, financial capacity and financial history;

· Information on major shareholders and the character and experience of senior management and board of directors;

· Details of risk management, accounting and internal control systems;

· Details of the applicant’s capital structure;

· A detail business plan outlining the types of services to be offered including a three year projections for assets, liabilities and profitability;

· A written undertaking that the applicant will provide the Reserve Bank with any information it may require to carry out its responsibilities under the acts;

· 所有权、财务能力和财务历史的细节；

· 主要股东的信息和高级管理层和董事会的特点和经验；

· 风险管理、会计和内部控制系统的细节；

· 申请人的资本结构的细节；

· 一份详细的商业计划，列出了要提供的服务类型，包括对资产、负债和盈利能力的三年预测；